根据一项最新研究表明，如果你想让患有多动症的孩子学习，一定要允许他们前后左右摇摆。
If you want kids with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) to lea...
根据一项最新研究表明，如果你想让患有多动症的孩子学习，一定要允许他们前后左右摇摆。
If you want kids with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) to learn, they must be allowed to move around, according to a new study conducted by researchers at the University of Central Florida (UCF).
All the leg-swinging and chair-scooting movements of ADHD children actually play a major role in helping them retain information and working out complex cognitive tasks.
根据中央佛罗里达大学研究人员的一项最新研究表明，如果你想让患有多动症的孩子学习，一定要允许他们前后左右地动来动去。
多动症孩子抖腿、摇桌转椅等这些行为实际上却是实实在在的帮助他们记忆以及完成复杂的认知作业。
The findings reveal that the longtime prevailing methods for helping children with ADHD may be misguided.
“The typical interventions target reducing hyperactivity. It’s exactly the opposite of what we should be doing for a majority of children with ADHD,” said one of the study’s authors, Mark Rapport, head of the Children’s Learning Clinic at the University of Central Florida. “The message isn’t ‘Let them run around the room,’ but you need to be able to facilitate their movement so they can maintain the level of alertness necessary for cognitive activities.”
此项研究发现发明长久以来盛行的治疗多动症的方式可能是一种误导。
“典型的干预措施旨在减少孩子多动动作。可这恰恰与我们应该为孩子做的相反，”中央佛罗里达大学儿童临床研究负责人也是此次研究的参与者，Mark Rapport说道。“这倒不是说‘让孩子四处乱跑’，而是需要你能够帮助他们活动，这样，他们就可以在认知活动时不越过活动的警戒线。
The study has big implications for how parents and teachers should deal with ADHD kids, particularly with the increasing importance now given to students’ performance on standardized testing. The findings suggest that most students with ADHD could perform better on classroom work, tests and homework if they’re sitting on activity balls or exercise bikes, for instance.
这项研究对于家长和老师应该如何照顾多动症儿童有很大的启示，更加重视孩子在标准测试中的表现。提出了一个建议，如果多数多动症孩子坐在运动球或者健身脚踏车上上课、考试、做作业，他们会表现的更好。
The researchers evaluated 52 boys (ages 8 to 12), 29 of whom had been diagnosed with ADHD. The remaining 23 had no clinical disorders and showed healthy development.
Each child engaged in a series of standardized tasks designed to test their “working memory,” the system for temporarily storing and managing information required to carry out complex cognitive tasks such as learning, reasoning and comprehension.
研究人员对年龄在8到12岁的52名男孩子进行评估，这些孩子中29名被确诊是患有多动症。剩下的23名没有临床多动表现，且很健康。
所有的孩子都努力做一系列标准化作业，这是专门为测试他们的“学习记忆”而设计的。此项设计体系是为执行类似学习、推理及阅读这样复杂的认知作业时所需要的暂时储存记忆及整理信息。
Participants were shown a series of jumbled numbers and a letter that flashed onto a computer screen. They were then asked to put the numbers in order, followed by the letter. A high-speed camera recorded the kids, and observers recorded their every movement and gauged their attention to the task.
研究人员给参加测试的孩子看电脑屏幕上闪过的一些混乱无序的数字以及一个字母。然后要求他们把数字按照顺序依次排在字母后面。一个高速照相机记录孩子的反应，观察者同时也记录他们的每个反应，并检测出孩子对这次测试的注意力程度。
From his prior work, Rapport already knew that the excessive movement found in hyperactive children — previously thought to be ever-present — is actually apparent only when they need to use the brain’s executive functions, especially working memory.
从之前的测试中，Rapport就已经知道了这些多动症孩子的过多活动——先前以为是经常出现的——事实上却只在他们使用大脑执行功能时，特别是学习记忆时，最为明显。
The new research goes an important step further, showing that the movement serves a purpose.
“What we’ve found is that when they’re moving the most, the majority of them perform better,” Rapport said. “They have to move to maintain alertness.”
这项最新研究向前迈了重要的一步，表明多动症儿童只有在有目标的情况下表现最明显。
“我们发现多动症孩子在最多动的时候，多数儿童表现的越好，”Rapport说。
“他们得通过多动让自己集中注意力。”
In contrast, the children in the study without ADHD also moved more during the cognitive tests, but it had the opposite effect in that they performed worse.
The findings are published in the Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology.
相反，未患有多动症的儿童在测试中也会动，但这只会让他们表现的不如平时。
此项研究发现发表在《变态儿童心理学杂志》上。译者： 低头的麦穗 原作者：University of Central Florida